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Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.To sum up, the inclusion of the first batch of 85 index funds in the personal pension investment catalogue not only responded to the guidance of national policies, but also brought more incremental funds and investment options to the market, which is expected to have a positive impact on the expansion and stability of the market.The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.

2. The influence of index funds into individual pensionsMarket scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.Increase investment options: Incorporating index funds provides more investment options for individual pension investors, enriches the product line and meets the needs of investors with different risk preferences.

Increase investment options: Incorporating index funds provides more investment options for individual pension investors, enriches the product line and meets the needs of investors with different risk preferences.2.2 diversification of investment styleUnderdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.